Oven.



0. ANDRE.

OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 12, 1912. 1,083,908, Patented Jan. 13, 1914.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH CO.,\VASHINGTON, u. c. I

G. ANDRE.

OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED AUG, 12, 1912.

1,083,908. Patented Jan. 13, 1914.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

FIG. 2-

COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH C0, WASHINGTON, D. c.

G. ANDRE.

OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 12. 1912.

' 1,083,908., Patented Jan. 13, 1914.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

FIG- 5- COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH cQAvasumnToN. n. C

0. ANDRE.

OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 12, 1912. 1,083,908. Patented Jan. 13,1914.

6 BHEETS-SHEET 4.

FIG-4- ifiihesse-s: [HI ier:

COLUMBIA PLANOORAPH conwAsmNu'roN. D. c.

OIANDRE.

OVEN.

APPLICATION I'ILBD AUG. 12, 1912.

1 083,908 Patented Jan. 13,1914.

. o SHEETS-51mm s.

G. ANDRE.

OVEN.

APPLIOATION'IILED AUG.12, 1912.

1,083,908. Patented Jan. 13, 1914.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

COLUMBIA PLANOGIAIH wqwulumou. II- C- CHARLES ANDRE, 0F LYON, FRANCE.

OVEN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 13, 1914.

Application filed August 12, 1912. Serial No: 714.-,677.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, CHARLns ANDRE, a citizen of the French Republic, residing at Lyon, in France, have invented certain new "and useful Improvements in Ovens, of

which the following is a specification.

This invention has for its object improvements in the oven which the object of my previous Patent No. 1,020,174.

The object of these improvements is to reduce the consumption of gas and increase the thermol efficiency of the oven.

The improvements consist in a rational arrangement of the burners, by which the conservation of the hot gases is obtained, this being efi ected by causing said gases to follow the heat transmitting pipes for a relatively long distance and in the recuperation of the heat units of the combustion gases of the lower oven by employing them for heating the upper oven, the heat-retaining insulation of the oven being also increased. An oven thus modified is represented by way of example in the accompanying drawings.

Figures 1 and 2 are sectional side elevations of the oven. Fig. 8 is a section on line 5-5, Fig. 1, and Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7 are horizontal sections on the lines 6-6, 77, 8-S, and 9 9, respectively, in Fig. 3.

This oven comprises two superposed chambers A and A heated by tubes B and B filled with a liquid not subject to alteration at high temperatures. Each of these tubes is heated by two rows of T-shaped gas burners C 0 C c of different width and arranged in such a manner that if the large burners of the lower oven are located on the left hand for example those of the upper oven are on the right hand or vice versa. These burners are supplied with gas by rows of gas burners D and D (Z 6& provided with injectors E e E e of the type already described in the principal patent. The combustion air is furnished to the burners by nozzles F f F f opening beneath each of same and branched over two sheet metal boxes G G arranged below them, the two ends of said boxes being open on the front and rear walls of the oven. These openings are provided with closing slides which enable the admission of the air to be regulated. The boxes G and G are furnished with bafl'le partitions 9 (Fig. 7 the object of which is to permit of the heating of the air drawn in by suitably retarding the velocity with which it is drawn through the said boxes.

The combustion gases are conducted throughout the entire width of the oven along the tubes 13 and B by means of envelops H H surrounding the latter and presenting wings it and b (Fig. 3) which cause the said gases to effect an eflicient circulation around the tubes. For the lower oven these gases issue through orifices 2' formed in the lateral partitions and are collected in lateral compartments 1. They issue through the orifices j and are conducted through tubes J to the inlet to the envelops H which surround the tubes B These gases traverse these envelops with the combustion gases of the rows of gas jets of the upper oven and pass out through orifices 7a which discharge them into recuperators K. Thence they are conducted through flues Z and pipes L and L into an upper chamber M which contains coils N through which there is a circulation of water entering at n and issuing at M. These gases yield up a large portion of their heat units to the coils and are finally discharged through a flue 0.

The arrangement just described is advantageous as it permits of maintaining the temperature of the upper even by means of the waste heat coming from the lower oven thereby reducing the consumption of gas. Furthermore the arrangement of the burners as indicated affords the possibility of employing two different methods for the heating of each oven in the best conditions of combustion either in lighting the two rows of burners for rapidly raising the temperature or lighting a single row (the large or the small row) for maintaining the temperature. For this reason the parallel rows of each of the ovens are separated by partitions P P preventing the current of air supplied by the nozzles F or f of one of them impeding the combustion of the other when the latter is not kindled. As in this case almost the whole of the combustion gases passes on one side this difl'erence is compensated for by inverting the position of the large and small burners in each oven. For example if the two ovens are being used with the two small rows of burners kindled the lower burners will heat the upper oven on the right hand side but the small row of burners in this oven which is located on the left hand will insure substantially equal heating on both sides.

In order to modify the draft of the oven in accordance with the gas consumption a box 0 is provided at the top of the discharge chimney and is provided with two unequal valves Q and Q concentric one with the other. These valves can be operated from a distance by means of rods R 7"; accordin' as the oven is working with full consumption or with limited consumption the large valve or the small valve is opened to give the appropriate draft.

As re ards the heat retaining insulation of the oven the clinker lining previously provided in the double casing of the oven is completed by a lining of corrugated paper S which has been rendered incombustible. This paper lining is surrounded by an incoinbustible partitioning of boards T with the interposition of wood fiber also incom btlS-LllQlG at U. This lining which extends over every face and the upper part of the oven constitutes an insulation inclosing a large quantity of air and it is suiliciently eflicacious to eliminate almost completely any loss 01 heat by radiation from the walls at the same time rendering the room in which the oven is located hygienic by preventing the temperature from being raised. The doors a a are also internally lined with a thickness of asbestos which considerably reduces the loss of heat at this place.

During the night and when the oven is extinguished the openings of the air passages G and G are closed by asbestos covered plugs in order to prevent the introduction of any cold air; the valves Q. and g' or the smoke box should also be closed to prevent the discharge oi hot air and prevent any communication between the oven and the envelop.

This oven is furnished with the various accessories such as pilot flames, pyroineters, swing kindling brackets and so forth pro vided in the type of oven described in my previous Patent No. 1,020,111 A hood V serving for the collection of the smoke and vapors which are liberated at the front of the ovens has been added at the front and above the doors of the oven. This hood which is closed when desired by a shutter o operated by a rod opens into a smoke box If which discharges the vapors coming from a tube X branching from the smoke box 0.

lVha-t I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. An oven of the character described having superposed baking chambers, a plurality of independent, closed, liquid-containing tubes encircling the baking chambers, a plurality of independent juxtaposed mantles surrounding said liquid containin tubes, wings upon saic. mantles for producing the circulation of gases around said tubes, means for heating said tubes, means for recuperat ing the gases of combustion and for recovering their heat, and means for regulating the draft in harmony with the consumption of gas.

2. An oven oi the character described having superposed baking chambers, a plurality of independent, closed, liquid-containing tubes encircling the baking chambers, a plurality of independent juxtaposed mantles surrounding said liquid containing tubes, wings upon said mantles for producing the circulation of gases around said tubes, T shaped burners of unequal size under said tubes in each of said chambers, the larger burners in one chamber alternating with the smaller burners in the other chamber, means for supplying gas to said burners, supports for said burners forming the air supplying means for the same, means for recuperating the gases of combustion, means for recevering their heat before they leave the oven, and means for regulating the draft in harmony with the consumption of gas.

In testimony whereof Z aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHAR-LES ANDRE.

Witnesses GUILLAUME PIOOHE, MARIUS MERMAY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents Washington, D. G. 

